ViewBuilder

November 13, 2022

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The @ViewBuilder attribute can be used to build views from closures. To demonstrate, three views are defined as shown below:

struct ViewA: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("View A")
            .font(.title)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200)
            .foregroundColor(.black)
            .background(Color.purple)
    }
}

struct ViewB: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("View B")
            .font(.title)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200)
            .foregroundColor(.black)
            .background(Color.green)
    }
}

struct ViewC: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("View C")
            .font(.title)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200)
            .foregroundColor(.black)
            .background(Color.orange)
    }
}

In the main ContentView, a function is used to switch between the different views based on the selected picker item. Notice the use of @ViewBuilder allows the function to provide different child views. Without the @ViewBuilder attribute, the function would need to wrap each case's view with AnyView.

struct ContentView: View {

    @State private var selectedView = 1

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Picker("Select view:", selection: $selectedView) {
                Text("View A").tag(1)
                Text("View B").tag(2)
                Text("View C").tag(3)
            }
            .fixedSize()

            getView(tag: selectedView)
        }
        .padding()
        .frame(width: 400, height: 300)
    }

    @ViewBuilder
    func getView(tag: Int) -> some View {
        switch tag {
        case 1:
            ViewA()
        case 2:
            ViewB()
        case 3:
            ViewC()
        default:
            ViewA()
        }
    }
}